What do smoking cause

Effects of smoking on the immune system The effects of tobacco smoke on the immune system include: greater susceptibility to infections such as pneumonia and influenza more severe and longer-lasting illnesses lower levels of protective antioxidants such as vitamin C , in the blood. Effects of smoking on the musculoskeletal system The effects of tobacco smoke on the musculoskeletal system include: tightening of certain muscles reduced bone density. Effects of smoking on the sexual organs The effects of tobacco smoke on the male body include an increased risk for: lower sperm count higher percentage of deformed sperm genetic damage to sperm impotence, which may be due to the effects of smoking on blood flow and damage to the blood vessels of the penis.

The effects of tobacco smoke on the female body include: reduced fertility, menstrual cycle irregularities, or absence of menstruation menopause reached one or two years earlier increased risk of cancer of the cervix greatly increased risk of stroke and heart attack if the person who smokes is aged over 35 years and taking the oral contraceptive pill.

Other effects of smoking on the body Other effects of tobacco smoke on the body include: irritation and inflammation of the stomach and intestines increased risk of painful ulcers along the digestive tract reduced ability to smell and taste premature wrinkling of the skin higher risk of blindness gum disease periodontitis.

Effects of smoking on babies The effects of maternal smoking on an unborn baby include: increased risk of miscarriage, stillbirth and premature birth weaker lungs low birth weight, which may have a lasting effect of the growth and development of children.

Low birth weight is associated with an increased risk of heart disease, high blood pressure, and diabetes in adulthood increased risk of cleft palate and cleft lip increased risk of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ADHD. Diseases caused by long-term smoking A person who smokes throughout their life is at high risk of developing a range of potentially lethal diseases, including: cancer of the lung, mouth, nose, larynx, tongue, nasal sinus, oesophagus, throat, pancreas, bone marrow myeloid leukaemia , kidney, cervix, ovary, ureter, liver, bladder, bowel and stomach lung diseases such as chronic bronchitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, which includes obstructive bronchiolitis and emphysema heart disease and stroke ulcers of the digestive system osteoporosis and hip fracture poor blood circulation in feet and hands, which can lead to pain and, in severe cases, gangrene and amputation type 2 diabetes rheumatoid arthritis.

Winstanley M, et al. A review of human carcinogens. Give feedback about this page. Was this page helpful? Yes No. View all healthy living. Related information. A warning to consumers about the serious health risks relating to e-cigarette liquid — Therapeutic Goods Administration, Department of Health, Australian Government.

Tobacco in Australia: facts and issues. Content disclaimer Content on this website is provided for information purposes only. It is a major cause of tooth loss in adults. This November your donation goes even further to improve lung health and defeat lung cancer. Double Your Gift.

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Section Menu. Here are some health consequences of smoking you might not have heard before…. Going Blind Smoking doesn't do your peepers any good. Type 2 Diabetes Smoking contributes to type 2 diabetes and increases the risk of complications from the disease— including poor blood flow to legs and feet.

Erectile Dysfunction Male sexual function is affected when you smoke. Ectopic Pregnancy Ectopic pregnancy is a life-threatening reproductive complication in women that is more likely in smokers. Hip Fractures Smokers lose bone density at a faster rate than non-smokers which puts you at risk for breaking body parts like your hip.

Children who are exposed to secondhand smoke are at increased risk for sudden infant death syndrome, acute respiratory infections, middle ear disease, more severe asthma, respiratory symptoms, and slowed lung growth. Department of Health and Human Services. Atlanta: U. Skip directly to site content Skip directly to page options Skip directly to A-Z link.

Section Navigation. Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Syndicate. Health Effects. Minus Related Pages. Tobacco use increases the risk for many types of cancer, such as Lung cancer. Studies show a direct link between cigarette smoking and coronary heart disease.